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Unesco Reviewing Controversial ‘Black Cube’ Project in Florence

The Neo-Classical building, whose nearly 30m high, dark-coloured modern addition was designed by Vittorio Grassi architects, has consistently been the subject of controversy

The Art Journal13 July, 2026

Photo: Florence Order of Architects

Unesco is reviewing the controversial ‘black cube’ luxury apartment redevelopment of Florence’s former Teatro Comunale opera house, The Art Newspaper reports.

The Neo-Classical building, whose nearly 30m high, dark-coloured modern addition was designed by Vittorio Grassi architects, has been the subject of controversy since its construction site opened in 2022. It has since prompted protests and even a criminal investigation into 15 of those involved with the project, which alleges forgery, planning offences and violations of Italy’s cultural heritage and landscape code.

Unesco’s investigation encompasses a review by the World Heritage Centre in close consultation with the Advisory Bodies to the World Heritage Committee, and concerns the World Heritage status of Florence’s historic city centre, which the area has possessed since 1982. The situation also raises questions surrounding the future of Florence’s heritage, which critics argue is increasingly being subjugated by tourism and investments.


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Hauser & Wirth gallery in London, pictured here in 2013. The specific exhibition or artists shown are not implicit in the sanctions allegations. Courtesy: Wikimedia Commons.

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The Art Journal